Heartburn is an uncomfortable sensation characterized by a burning feeling and acidity, often felt behind the breastbone and in the upper abdomen. This occurs when gastric juice flows back into the esophagus, resulting in a sour taste in the mouth.
Heartburn is associated with various medical conditions.
Esophageal Hernia: In this condition, the esophagus expands more than normal, which can be triggered by factors such as heavy coughing, physical exertion, or smoking. During these episodes, undigested food can easily enter the esophagus, causing an increase in the burning sensation.
Stomach and Duodenal Ulcers: These ulcers can contribute to increased acidity in gastric juice. When the digestive organs slow down during illness, food remains in the stomach for an extended period, leading to the feeling of acidity.
Diet: Certain foods and beverages can trigger heartburn. Common culprits include spicy foods, onions, citrus fruits, tomato-based products, excessively fatty meals, fast food, and sweets—especially when consumed on an empty stomach. Alcohol and carbonated drinks are also known to exacerbate the problem.
